What are the advantages and disadvantages of cement concrete in civil engineering works?
Concrete is a composite material that primarily consists of water, aggregate, and cement. To achieve the desired physical qualities of the completed material, additives and reinforcements are frequently added to the mix. When these elements are combined, they generate a fluid mass that can be easily shaped. The cement hardens into a matrix that binds the other materials together to make a long-lasting stone-like material with many applications. The goal is to combine these components in precise ratios to produce concrete that is simple to transport, position, compact, and finish, and that will set and harden to produce a strong and long-lasting product.
The qualities of hardened concrete are affected by the amount of each material (cement, water, and aggregates).
Concrete's applications
- It's used to build things like bridges, roads, and buildings.
- It's used to make statues for a variety of purposes.
- It is used to build a wall in order to protect historical sites.
- It serves as a retaining structure to prevent landslides.
- It's utilized to build a dam that stores water and generates electricity.
- It's used to build a water tank for storing water for drinking.
- It's used to build irrigation canals, drains, and other structures.
Concrete's advantages:
- Concrete is easy to handle and mould into any shape.
- Easy movement from the mixing area to the casting area before the initial set. Pump/spray capability for filling cracks and tunnel lining.
- All forms of constructions, from a simple lintel to gigantic flyovers, are possible when reinforced.
- The monolithic character offers the construction a superior appearance and a lot of rigidity, because concrete has a high compressive strength, it is less expensive to build a concrete structure than it is to build a steel structure.
Disadvantages of concrete:
- Concrete's shortcomings include the need for reinforcement to prevent cracks due to its low tensile strength.
- If there is a substantial temperature difference in the area, expansion joints are required in long buildings.
- To eliminate cracks caused by drying shrinkage and moisture expansion, construction joints are supplied.
- If moisture reacts with soluble salts in concrete, efflorescence occurs. In the presence of alkalies, sulfates, and other chemicals, typical Portland cement concrete integrates.
- Structures suffer creep as a result of sustained loads.
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